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United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-10/22

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UN General Assembly
Resolution ES-10/22
  In favour   Against   Abstentions   Absent   Non member
Date12 December 2023
Meeting no.10th Emergency Special Session (continuation)
CodeA/ES-10/22 (Document)
SubjectProtection of civilians and upholding legal and humanitarian obligations.
Voting summary
  • 153 voted for
  • 10 voted against
  • 23 abstained
ResultAdopted

United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-10/22 is a resolution of the tenth emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly calling for an immediate ceasefire in the Israel–Hamas war, "immediate and unconditional" hostage release, "ensuring humanitarian access" and that "all parties comply with their obligations under international law".

Procedures and background

On 27 October 2023, the General Assembly passed resolution ES-10/21 calling for a humanitarian truce with a 121 votes for, 14 against and 44 abstentions.[1]

ES-10/22 followed a similar motion calling for an immediate ceasefire and release of hostages in the UN Security Council (UNSC) proposed by the UAE. The resolution received 13 votes for and 1 abstention with the US vetoing it.[2]

The resolution proposed by Egypt received an amendment by Austria, which inserted the phrase "held by Hamas and other groups," in relation to the hostages held by Hamas and other groups in Gaza, and inserting the word “immediate" when referring to ensuring that humanitarian access be maintained,[3] which did not gain the two-thirds majority required, with 89 votes for, 61 against and 21 abstentions, so was not adopted.[4] An amendment from the United States of America, calling for wording rejecting and condemning "heinous terrorist attacks by Hamas that took place in Israel starting 7 October 2023 and the taking of hostages" in resolution's first paragraph, garnered 84 votes for, 62 against and 25 abstentions so did not reach the two-thirds threshold to be carried.[3]

Voting record

In favour (153)
States sponsoring (marked †)[5]
Abstaining (23) Against (10) Absent (7)
 Afghanistan
 Albania
 Algeria
 Andorra
 Angola
 Antigua and Barbuda
 Armenia
 Australia
 Azerbaijan
 Bahamas
 Bahrain
 Bangladesh
 Barbados
 Belarus
 Belgium
 Belize
 Benin
 Bhutan
 Bolivia
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Botswana
 Brazil
 Brunei
 Burundi
 Cambodia
 Canada
 Central African Republic
 Chad
 Chile
 China
 Colombia
 Comoros
 Congo
 Costa Rica
 Côte d'Ivoire
 Croatia
 Cuba
 Cyprus
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Denmark
 Djibouti
 Dominica
 Dominican Republic
 Ecuador
 Egypt
 El Salvador
 Eritrea
 Estonia
 Ethiopia
 Fiji
 Finland
 France
 Gabon
 Gambia
 Ghana
 Greece
 Grenada
 Guinea
 Guinea Bissau
 Guyana
 Honduras
 Iceland
 India
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Iraq
 Ireland
 Jamaica
 Japan
 Jordan
 Kazakhstan
 Kenya
 Kuwait
 Kyrgyzstan
 Laos
 Latvia
 Lebanon
 Lesotho
 Libya
 Liechtenstein
 Luxembourg
 Madagascar
 Malaysia
 Maldives
 Mali
 Malta
 Mauritania
 Mauritius
 Mexico
 Monaco
 Mongolia
 Montenegro
 Morocco
 Mozambique
 Myanmar
 Namibia
   Nepal
 New Zealand
 Nicaragua
 Niger
 Nigeria
 North Korea
 North Macedonia
 Norway
 Oman
 Pakistan
 Peru
 Philippines
 Poland
 Portugal
 Qatar
 Moldova
 Russia
 Rwanda
 Saint Kitts and Nevis
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 Samoa
 San Marino
 Saudi Arabia
 Senegal
 Serbia
 Seychelles
 Sierra Leone
 Singapore
 Slovenia
 Solomon Islands
 Somalia
 South Africa
 South Korea
 Spain
 Sri Lanka
 Sudan
 Suriname
 Sweden
  Switzerland
 Syria
 Tajikistan
 Tanzania
 Thailand
 Timor-Leste
 Trinidad and Tobago
 Tunisia
 Tuvalu
 Turkey
 Uganda
 United Arab Emirates
 Uzbekistan
 Vanuatu
 Vietnam
 Yemen
 Zambia
 Zimbabwe
 Argentina
 Bulgaria
 Cabo Verde
 Cameroon
 Equatorial Guinea
 Georgia
 Germany
 Hungary
 Italy
 Lithuania
 Malawi
 Marshall Islands
 Netherlands
 Palau
 Panama
 Romania
 Slovakia
 South Sudan
 Togo
 Tonga
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom
 Uruguay
 Austria
 Czech Republic
 Guatemala
 Israel
 Liberia
 Micronesia
 Nauru
 Papua New Guinea
 Paraguay
 United States
 Burkina Faso
 Eswatini
 Haiti
 Kiribati
 São Tomé and Príncipe
 Turkmenistan
 Venezuela[a]
Observer States:  Holy See and  State of Palestine

This is mocked voting on ES-10/21 on December 8, 2023, during the 2023 Israel-Hamas War into the ceasefire and humanitarian obligations

In favour (120)
Abstaining (38) Against (10) Absent (25)
 Afghanistan
 Algeria
 Andorra
 Angola
 Antigua and Barbuda
 Armenia
 Azerbaijan
 Bahamas
 Bahrain
 Bangladesh
 Barbados
 Belarus
 Belize
 Bhutan
 Bolivia
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Botswana
 Brazil
 Brunei
 Chad
 Chile
 China
 Colombia
 Comoros
 Congo
 Costa Rica
 Côte d'Ivoire
 Cuba
 Denmark
 Djibouti
 Dominican Republic
 Ecuador
 Egypt
 El Salvador
 Eritrea
 Estonia
 Fiji
 Finland
 France
 Greece
 Guinea
 Guyana
 Honduras
 Iceland
 India
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Iraq
 Ireland
 Japan
 Jordan
 Kazakhstan
 Kenya
 Kuwait
 Kyrgyzstan
 Laos
 Lebanon
 Lesotho
 Libya
 Liechtenstein
 Luxembourg
 Malaysia
 Maldives
 Mali
 Malta
 Mauritania
 Monaco
 Mongolia
 Montenegro
 Morocco
 Mozambique
 Myanmar
 Namibia
   Nepal
 New Zealand
 Niger
 Nigeria
 North Korea
 Oman
 Pakistan
 Peru
 Philippines
 Poland
 Portugal
 Qatar
 South Korea
 Moldova
 Russia
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 San Marino
 Saudi Arabia
 Senegal
 Serbia
 Sierra Leone
 Singapore
 Slovenia
 South Africa
 Spain
 Sri Lanka
 Sudan
 Suriname
  Switzerland
 Syria
 Tajikistan
 Tanzania
 Thailand
 Timor-Leste
 Trinidad and Tobago
 Tunisia
 Tuvalu
 Turkey
 Uganda
 United Arab Emirates
 Uzbekistan
 Viet Nam
 Yemen
 Zimbabwe
 Albania
 Argentina
 Australia
 Belgium
 Bulgaria
 Cabo Verde
 Cameroon
 Croatia
 Cyprus
 Equatorial Guinea
 Ethiopia
 Georgia
 Germany
 Ghana
 Hungary
 Italy
 Latvia
 Lithuania
 Malawi
 Marshall Islands
 Mexico
 Netherlands
 North Macedonia
 Norway
 Panama
 Paraguay
 Romania
 Rwanda
 Slovakia
 South Sudan
 Sweden
 Tonga
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom
 Uruguay
 Vanuatu
 Zambia
 Austria
 Canada
 Czechia
 Guatemala
 Israel
 Liberia
 Micronesia
 Nauru
 Papua New Guinea
 United States
 Benin
 Burkina Faso
 Burundi
 Cambodia
 Central African Republic
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Dominica
 Eswatini
 Gabon
 Gambia
 Grenada
 Guinea-Bissau
 Haiti
 Jamaica
 Kiribati
 Madagascar
 Saint Kitts and Nevis
 Sao Tome and Principe
 Seychelles
 Solomon Islands
 Somalia
 Togo
 Turkmenistan
 Venezuela[a]
Observer States:  Holy See and  State of Palestine

Draft amendment

[A] Voting on 89 favour, 61 against, 20 abstained and 23 absent

In favour (89)
Against (61) Abstained (20) Absent (23)
 Albania
 Andorra
 Argentina
 Armenia
 Australia
 Austria
 Barbados
 Belgium
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Bulgaria
 Cabo Verde
 Cambodia
 Canada
 Chile
 Colombia
 Costa Rica
 Croatia
 Cyprus
 Czechia
 Denmark
 Ecuador
 Estonia
 Ethiopia
 Fiji
 Finland
 France
 Georgia
 Germany
 Ghana
 Greece
 Guatemala
 Honduras
 Hungary
 Iceland
 India
 Ireland
 Israel
 Italy
 Japan
 Kenya
 Latvia
 Liberia
 Liechtenstein
 Lithuania
 Luxembourg
 Malawi
 Malta
 Marshall Islands
 Mexico
 Micronesia
 Monaco
 Montenegro
 Myanmar
 Nauru
   Nepal
 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 North Macedonia
 Norway
 Palau
 Papua New Guinea
 Paraguay
 Peru
 Philippines
 Poland
 Portugal
 Moldova
 Romania
 Rwanda
 Samoa
 San Marino
 Serbia
 Seychelles
 Singapore
 Slovakia
 Slovenia
 Solomon Islands
 South Korea
 South Sudan
 Spain
 Sweden
  Switzerland
 Timor-Leste
 Tonga
 Tuvalu
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom
 United States
 Uruguay
 Afghanistan
 Algeria
 Bahrain
 Bangladesh
 Belarus
 Belize
 Benin
 Bolivia
 Brunei
 Burundi
 Chad
 China
 Comoros
 Congo
 Cuba
 Djibouti
 Dominica
 Egypt
 El Salvador
 Eritrea
 Gambia
 Guyana
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Iraq
 Jordan
 Kuwait
 Kyrgyzstan
 Lebanon
 Libya
 Malaysia
 Maldives
 Mali
 Mauritania
 Morocco
 Namibia
 Nicaragua
 Nigeria
 North Korea
 Oman
 Pakistan
 Qatar
 Russia
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 Saudi Arabia
 Senegal
 Somalia
 South Africa
 Sri Lanka
 Sudan
 Syria
 Tajikistan
 Tanzania
 Trinidad and Tobago
 Tunisia
 Turkey
 Uganda
 United Arab Emirates
 Yemen
 Zimbabwe
 Angola
 Antigua and Barbuda
 Bahamas
 Bhutan
 Botswana
 Brazil
 Côte d'Ivoire
 Dominican Republic
 Guinea
 Guinea-Bissau
 Jamaica
 Laos
 Lesotho
 Mongolia
 Mozambique
 Panama
 Suriname
 Thailand
 Togo
 Vanuatu
 Azerbaijan
 Burkina Faso
 Cameroon
 Central African Republic
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Equatorial Guinea
 Swaziland
 Gabon
 Grenada
 Haiti
 Kazakhstan
 Kiribati
 Madagascar
 Mauritius
 Niger
 Saint Kitts and Nevis
 São Tomé and Príncipe
 Sierra Leone
 Turkmenistan
 Uzbekistan
 Venezuela[a]
 Viet Nam
 Zambia
Observer States:  Holy See and  State of Palestine

[B] Voting on 84 favour, 62 against, 25 abstained and 22 absent

In favour (84)
Against (62) Abstained (25) Absent (22)
 Albania
 Andorra
 Argentina
 Armenia
 Australia
 Austria
 Barbados
 Belgium
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Bulgaria
 Cabo Verde
 Canada
 Chile
 Costa Rica
 Croatia
 Cyprus
 Czechia
 Denmark
 Ecuador
 Estonia
 Fiji
 Finland
 France
 Georgia
 Germany
 Ghana
 Greece
 Guatemala
 Honduras
 Hungary
 Iceland
 India
 Ireland
 Israel
 Italy
 Japan
 Kenya
 Latvia
 Liberia
 Liechtenstein
 Lithuania
 Luxembourg
 Malawi
 Malta
 Marshall Islands
 Micronesia
 Monaco
 Montenegro
 Myanmar
 Nauru
   Nepal
 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 North Macedonia
 Norway
 Palau
 Papua New Guinea
 Paraguay
 Peru
 Philippines
 Poland
 Portugal
 Republic of Moldova
 Romania
 Samoa
 San Marino
 Serbia
 Seychelles
 Singapore
 Slovakia
 Slovenia
 Solomon Islands
 South Korea
 South Sudan
 Spain
 Sweden
  Switzerland
 Timor-Leste
 Tonga
 Tuvalu
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom
 United States
 Uruguay
 Afghanistan
 Algeria
 Bahrain
 Bangladesh
 Belarus
 Belize
 Benin
 Bolivia
 Brunei
 Burundi
 Central African Republic
 Chad
 China
 Comoros
 Congo
 Cuba
 Djibouti
 Dominica
 Egypt
 El Salvador
 Eritrea
 Gambia
 Guyana
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Iraq
 Jordan
 Kuwait
 Kyrgyzstan
 Lebanon
 Libya
 Malaysia
 Maldives
 Mali
 Mauritania
 Morocco
 Namibia
 Nicaragua
 Nigeria
 North Korea
 Oman
 Pakistan
 Qatar
 Russia
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 Saudi Arabia
 Senegal
 Somalia
 South Africa
 Sri Lanka
 Sudan
 Syria
 Tajikistan
 Tanzania
 Trinidad and Tobago
 Tunisia
 Turkey
 Uganda
 United Arab Emirates
 Yemen
 Zimbabwe
 Angola
 Antigua and Barbuda
 Bahamas
 Bhutan
 Botswana
 Brazil
 Cambodia
 Colombia
 Côte d'Ivoire
 Dominican Republic
 Ethiopia
 Grenada
 Guinea
 Guinea-Bissau
 Jamaica
 Laos
 Lesotho
 Mexico
 Mongolia
 Mozambique
 Panama
 Suriname
 Thailand
 Togo
 Vanuatu
 Azerbaijan
 Burkina Faso
 Cameroon
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Equatorial Guinea
 Swaziland
 Gabon
 Haiti
 Kazakhstan
 Kiribati
 Madagascar
 Mauritius
 Niger
 Rwanda
 Saint Kitts and Nevis
 São Tomé and Príncipe
 Sierra Leone
 Turkmenistan
 Uzbekistan
 Venezuela[a]
 Viet Nam
 Zambia
Observer States:  Holy See and  State of Palestine

Response

On December 13, Australian Foreign Minister Penny Wong said that Australia supported the resolution out of concern for civilians in Gaza Strip, adding that "Australia has consistently affirmed Israel's right to defend itself...in doing so, we have said as Israel must respect international humanitarian law, civilians and civilian infrastructure, including hospitals." Reuters described this as it as "a rare split with...the United States" and noted that Canada, Australia and New Zealand released a joint statement on December 12 supporting the ceasefire.[7][8] Riyad Mansour, the Palestinian Ambassador to the United Nations, described the vote as "historic" and said the resolution demands an end to the conflict, and said "we will not rest until we see compliance of Israel with this demand." The Israeli Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Gilad Erdan argued that the resolution was "disgraceful" attempt to restrain Israel, and claimed that "continuing Israel's operation in Gaza is the only way any hostages will be released."[9][10] He also claimed that supporting the resolution gave terrorists "a free pass," declared that "a ceasefire will prolong the death and destruction in the region" and said the resolution was "hypocritical".[11][10]

Mathu Joyini, South Africa's UN representative, invoked South Africa's painful experience with apartheid and said that countries need to take action "in accordance with international law" and called the resolution "an opportunity...to illustrate that the [UN]...is not tone-deaf to the suffering of the most vulnerable." Munir Akram, the Pakistani permanent representative to the U.N., denounced the amendments proposed by the US and Austria as "condemn[ing] only one side but exonerate the other" and arguing that blame "has to be placed on both parties, especially on Israel," and noted that if Hamas was named, but not Israel, it "provide[s] a justification to the Israeli war machine to continue its roulette wheel of death."[11][9] Linda Thomas-Greenfield, the US ambassador to the UN, stated that the US saw the humanitarian situation in Gaza as "dire" and that "civilians must be protected with international humanitarian law," she urged nations to support an amendment condemning Hamas, and said that a "ceasefire...would be temporary at best, and dangerous at worst...to Israelis...and...Palestinians." Izzat Al-Rishq, member of the Hamas Political Bureau welcomed the resolution and condemned what he described as a "war of genocide and ethnic cleansing" against Palestinians.[9]

Abdulaziz Alwasil, the Saudi ambassador to the UN, supported the resolution, saying Saudi Arabia was voting in favor to end "the suffering caused by an inhumane military attack by the Israeli occupation forces," called for an immediate ceasefire to end the conflict, and the need for "a comprehensive and just solution for the Palestinian question" aligned with the Arab Peace Initiative, the two-state solution, and establishment of "a Palestinian state with Jerusalem as its capital."[11] The Chinese Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Zhang Jun stated that the events in Gaza "is a tragedy, and we must do more."[8] In a press release on December 12, Council on American–Islamic Relations National Executive Director Nihad Awad expressed support for the resolution and called on the US government to "change course" and for countries across the world to "pressure the Israeli government to end its campaign of terror in Gaza."[12] In a statement to reporters supporting Canada's vote in favor of the resolution, Foreign Affairs Minister Mélanie Joly said "from the very beginning we have said that Israel has the right to defend itself. How Israel defends itself matters...What is unfolding before our eyes will only enhance the cycle of violence. This will not lead to the durable defeat of Hamas." The Canadian Ambassador to the UN, Bob Rae told CBC that the "status quo" of the fighting is not sustainable "from a humanitarian perspective" while Liberal Party parliament members Anthony Housefather and Marco Mendicino disagreed with Canada's UN vote.[13]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d Venezuela was suspended from voting in the 76th session and the 11th emergency special session owing to its failure to pay dues in the previous two years, for which it did not receive a special waiver from the Assembly.[6]

References

  1. ^ "General Assembly Adopts Resolution Calling for Immediate, Sustained Humanitarian Truce Leading to Cessation of Hostilities between Israel, Hamas". UN Press. United Nations. Archived from the original on November 12, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  2. ^ Nichols, Michelle (8 December 2023). "US blocks UN Security Council demand for humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza". Reuters. Archived from the original on December 10, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "UN General Assembly votes by large majority for immediate humanitarian ceasefire during emergency session". UN News. United Nations. December 12, 2023. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  4. ^ Masih, Niha (13 December 2023). "U.N. resolution on Gaza cease-fire: Which countries voted for and against it". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  5. ^ Algeria; Bahrain; Comoros; Djibouti; Egypt; Iraq; Jordan; Kuwait; Lebanon; Libya; Mauritania; Morocco; Oman; Qatar; Arabia, Saudi (2023-12-10). "Protection of civilians and upholding legal and humanitarian obligations :: draft resolution /: Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen and State of Palestine". United Nations Digital Library.
  6. ^ Guterres, António (27 February 2022). "Letter dated 27 February 2022 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the General Assembly". Archived from the original on 6 March 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  7. ^ Pal, Alasdair (December 13, 2023). "Australia backs UN resolution for Gaza ceasefire in rare split with US". Reuters. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  8. ^ a b "UN adopts resolution for immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza". Palestinian Information Center. December 13, 2023. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  9. ^ a b c Hu, Caitlin (December 12, 2023). "UN General Assembly votes to demand immediate ceasefire in Gaza". CNN. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  10. ^ a b "UN General Assembly overwhelmingly demands Gaza ceasefire". The New Arab. December 13, 2023. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  11. ^ a b c Kossaify, Ephrem (December 13, 2023). "Overwhelming majority of 153 UN member states call for immediate ceasefire in Gaza". Arab News. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  12. ^ "CAIR Supports UN General Assembly Resolution Demanding Immediate Ceasefire In Gaza". Black Star News. December 13, 2023. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  13. ^ Woods, Michael; Major, Darren (December 13, 2023). "Canada supports UN resolution calling for ceasefire in Israel-Hamas war". CBC News. Archived from the original on December 12, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.