List of commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti
Appearance
Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti | |
---|---|
Commandant en chef des Forces armées d'Haïti Kòmandan an chèf Fòs Lame an Ayiti | |
since 7 August 2024 | |
Armed Forces of Haiti | |
Seat | Port-au-Prince, Haiti |
Appointer | President of Haiti |
Formation | 1 August 1934[a] |
First holder | Colonel Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte[a] |
This article lists the commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti (French: Forces Armées d'Haïti—FAd'H), from the end of the U.S. occupation in 1934 through the disbandment of the FAd'H in 1995, during the Operation Uphold Democracy, until the reinstatement of the FAd'H in 2017.
Officeholders
[edit]Commanders of the Guard of Haiti
[edit]No. | Portrait | Commander of the Guard | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Démosthènes Pétrus Calixte (c. 1899–?) | Colonel1 August 1934 | 9 January 1938 | 3 years, 161 days | Guard of Haiti | |
2 | Jules André | Colonel9 January 1938 | 28 August 1944 | 6 years, 232 days | Guard of Haiti | |
3 | Franck Lavaud (1903–1986) | Colonel28 August 1944 | 5 September 1946 | 2 years, 8 days | Guard of Haiti |
Chiefs of the General Staff of the Army
[edit]No. | Portrait | Chief of the General Staff | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(3) | Franck Lavaud (1903–1986) | Brigadier general5 September 1946 | 6 December 1950 | 4 years, 92 days | Army of Haiti | – | |
4 | Antoine Levelt (1910–?) | Brigadier general6 December 1950 | 13 December 1956 | 6 years, 7 days | Army of Haiti | – | |
5 | Léon Cantave (1910–1967) | Brigadier general13 December 1956 | 26 May 1957 | 164 days | Army of Haiti | – | |
6 | Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau (1909–1963) | Brigadier general26 May 1957 | 12 March 1958 | 290 days | Army of Haiti | [1] | |
7 | Maurice P. Flambert | Major general12 March 1958 | 7 December 1958 | 269 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [2] | |
8 | Pierre Merceron | Major general7 December 1958 | 6 September 1961 | 2 years, 273 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
9 | Jean-René Boucicault | Brigadier general7 September 1961 | 9 August 1962 | 336 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
10 | Gérard Constant | Brigadier general9 August 1962 | 8 December 1970 | 8 years, 121 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
11 | Claude Raymond | Lieutenant general8 December 1970 | 11 August 1973 | 2 years, 246 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [3][4] | |
12 | Jean-Baptiste Hilaire | Lieutenant general11 August 1973 | 6 September 1978 | 5 years, 26 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
13 | Roger Saint-Albin | Lieutenant general7 September 1978 | 23 March 1984 | 5 years, 198 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
14 | Henri Namphy (1932–2018) | Lieutenant general23 March 1984 | 4 November 1987 | 3 years, 226 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – |
Commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti
[edit]No. | Portrait | Commander-in-chief | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(14) | Henri Namphy (1932–2018) | Lieutenant general4 November 1987 | 17 June 1988 | 226 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [5] | |
– | Morton Gousse Acting [b] | Brigadier general17 June 1988 | 19 June 1988 | 2 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [6] | |
15 | Carl-Michel Nicolas [c] | Major general19 June 1988 | 17 September 1988 | 90 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [6] | |
16 | Prosper Avril (born 1937) | Lieutenant general17 September 1988 | 10 March 1990 | 1 year, 174 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [7][8] | |
17 | Hérard Abraham (1940–2022) | Lieutenant general10 March 1990 | 2 July 1991 | 1 year, 114 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | – | |
18 | Raoul Cédras (born 1949) [d] | Lieutenant general2 July 1991 | 10 October 1994 | 3 years, 100 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [9] | |
– | Jean-Claude Duperval (1947–2020) Acting | Major general10 October 1994 | 17 November 1994 | 38 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [10][11] | |
19 | Bernardin Poisson (born 1948) | Brigadier general17 November 1994 | 20 February 1995 | 95 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [12][13][14] | |
Armed Forces disbanded (20 February 1995 – 17 November 2017) | |||||||
– | Jodel Lessage (born 1954) Acting | Lieutenant general17 November 2017 | 21 August 2024 | 6 years, 278 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [15] | |
– | Derby Guerrier Acting | Lieutenant general21 August 2024 | Incumbent | 32 days | Armed Forces of Haiti | [16] |
Timeline
[edit]See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b Commander of the Guard of Haiti.
- ^ Dismissed following the June 1988 coup d'état.
- ^ Dismissed following the September 1988 coup d'état.
- ^ Staged the 1991 coup d'état. Afterwards served as de facto leader of Haiti from 1991 to 1994.
References
[edit]- ^ "Army Change in Haiti Replaces 'Strong Man'". The New York Times. 14 March 1958. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
- ^ "DUVALIER OUSTS HAITI ARMY CHIEF; Thwarting of Plot Is Hinted as Police Head Is Placed In Charge of Forces". The New York Times. 8 December 1958. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
- ^ "Haiti Shuffles Top Officials For Second Time in 2 Days". The New York Times. Associated Press. 13 August 1973. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Eric Pace (11 February 2000). "Claude Raymond, 70, Duvalier Era General". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
- ^ "HAITIAN ARMY COMMANDER IS FIRED". The Washington Post. 18 June 1988. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ a b James Rupert (20 June 1988). "MILITARY STAGES COUP IN HAITI". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Julia Preston (19 September 1988). "NEW GENERAL INSTALLED FOLLOWING HAITIAN COUP". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Lee Hockstader (11 March 1990). "EMBATTLED RULER QUITS IN HAITI". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
- ^ Douglas Farah, William Booth (11 October 1994). "LAST TWO OF HAITI'S MILITARY TRIUMVIRATE QUIT". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "New leader is considered to be weaker, low key". Tampa Bay Times. 11 October 1994. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Larry Rohter (18 November 1994). "Aristide Ousts Acting Army Chief". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Edward Cody (18 November 1994). "ARISTIDE PICKS NEW ARMY CHIEF". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "Aristide appoints army chief". Tampa Bay Times. 18 November 1994. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "Aristide purges top army officers". The Baltimore Sun. 22 February 1995. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "Haiti - FLASH : President Moïse appoints acting Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Haiti". haitilibre.com. 18 November 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
- ^ "Derby Guerrier Appointed as New Leader of the Haitian Armed Forces, Replacing Jodel Lessage". lenouvelliste.com. 7 August 2024. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
Bibliography
[edit]- Daniel Supplice, Bibliographic dictionary of political personalities of the Republic of Haiti 1804–2001. Lanno Imprimerie, Belgium 2001, ISBN 9993562300